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Atheism

This is a discussion on Atheism within the Coffee Room forums, part of the The House of Commons category; Since it's not a political subject, nor is it relevant to the effects of religion on politics, this is probably ...

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    Atheism

    Since it's not a political subject, nor is it relevant to the effects of religion on politics, this is probably the best place to put this.

    In one post in the "Islam as a religion" thread, Hestia asked for more information about atheism. This is a short article I wrote a while back which will hopefully give a decent summary, either for pure information or of course for anyone to discuss. Enjoy


    Atheism – A Brief Summary


    “Religion easily has the best bullshit story of all time. Think about it. Religion has convinced people that there’s an invisible man living in the sky who watches everything you do every minute of every day. And the invisible man has a list of ten specific things he doesn’t want you to do. And if you do any of these things he will send you to a special place of burning and fire and smoke and torture and anguish for you to live forever, and to suffer and to burn and to scream until the end of time. But he loves you, he loves you, he loves you... and he needs your money!” – George Carlin

    Was the universe created by a conscious intelligence, commonly called “A God”, to achieve some purpose, and if so, why and what is that purpose? There is now a general consensus among the majority of cosmologists that the Big Bang, simplistically an explosion of a cosmic 'fireball', brought into existence all of space, time, and everything in between. There is also a general consensus that the universe developed to its present composition of galaxies, stars, planetary systems etc., etc., by way of many widely understood natural laws of physics. "What caused the Big Bang?" is a question for which we may never have an answer, but our ignorance in this, or of any other subject, is no excuse to invoke religion’s supernatural God to fill in the gaps! Simply saying “We don’t yet know” suffices.

    There is also a general consensus in the scientific community, and the world at large, that evolution provides a wholly adequate, albeit incompletely understood, explanation of how human beings and all other creatures came to exist from earlier organisms, and that the very origin of life itself is likely to have resulted from natural chemical interactions without the assistance of any supernatural God. It therefore seems clear that we can explain the origin of Homo sapiens, the first forms of life, the solar system, and ultimately the entire known universe in natural terms without invoking God or any other 'supernatural' forces (i.e., forces which violate our scientific laws of nature) to fill the gaps in our knowledge.

    “Men never commit evil so fully and joyfully as when they do it for religious convictions” – Blaise Pascal

    Ultimately it matters little whether or not the universe had a Creator, that was so long ago as to be lost in the mists of time, although the argument that it did poses an interesting philosophical question in itself; “If the universe has a Creator, who or what created that Creator and from where was he provided with the materials to do so?” Without such an answer, religion is no more able to explain creation than science. Rather, what matters to us is whether or not any God, or at least any *religious concept* of a God – a deistic God who is deeply concerned about the welfare of just a single species, Homo Sapiens, in the entire universe – exists.

    Having supposedly created us, the deistic God seemingly doesn't particularly care about the welfare of us humans, for he neither performs miracles nor bothers to let us know that he exists other than in a few historical documents of uncertain provenance. The truth of deism stands or falls on the soundness of the traditional philosophical and scientific arguments for the existence of God, based on all available evidence, evidence which many have found wholly unconvincing and biased in favour of religion, but without any underlying proof whatsoever. Thus we have no reason to accept it as true without either evidence or proof. Atheism is quite happy to throw the challenge of “Provide proof” open to anyone.

    “The way to see by faith is to shut the eye of reason” – Benjamin Franklin

    The atheistic contention is simple: God, as conceived by the major religions, does not exist outside of the human mind, placed there by our ancestors as a way of explaining the inexplicable natural forces all around them for which they had no other conceivable rationalization. Based on all available evidence the existence of the Abrahamic God of the Torah, the Bible and the Qur’an is as improbable as the existence of Zeus and the plethora of other Olympian gods. Not only does convincing evidence not appear, supporting proof is totally non-existent.

    Consider the importance of such a lack of evidence for God in demonstrating the plausibility of atheism. According to the major monotheistic traditions of Judaism, Christianity, and Islam, thousands of years ago miracles were commonplace. God parted the Red Sea for Moses. A flood covered the earth to a depth of 40 feet. Jesus was born to a virgin and rose from the dead after three days of decomposition. Mohammed learned to speak a few minutes after his birth... and many, many more. The question must inevitably arise, “Even assuming they are true, why did all these supposed miracles all occur in history and where have they all gone now, when arguably the world needs them more than ever?”

    Not in the sense of seeing Mary's face on a piece of cloth or a statue crying tears or God curing your cold after intense prayer (if you want a *real* medical miracle, try finding a case of an amputee who grew a new arm or leg after praying for one, or a soldier who returned to life after being killed in a modern-day ‘holy war’ after his parents prayed for him). Why haven't we seen the Red Sea parting on TV lately? Why didn’t we see a ‘pillar of cloud by day and a pillar of fire by night’, guiding refugees out of Darfur and why don’t we see the starving hordes of Africa being fed with manna from heaven?

    “Religion is excellent stuff for keeping common people quiet” – Napoleon Bonaparte

    This current lack of miracles, as well as the complete lack of proof of all historic miracles, is vitally important. If God is all-powerful and all-knowing, he could easily remove all of the doubts of every one of us. The fact that there is no evidence, let alone proof, for his existence leads us to the inevitable conclusion that either he doesn't care if we believe in him or not, or more likely that he simply doesn't exist. Despite having come a great distance since our early hunter-gatherer days, the human mind is still just as capable of conjuring up the supernatural to ‘fill in the gaps’ in our understanding.

    The complete lack of evidence and proof when it comes to a God, as well as the logical and scientifically valid alternative explanation of ‘miracles’ and biblical stories, is paramount to atheism; “having faith” on its own simply will not do. One can have faith that astrology works, but faith doesn't make it so. One can have faith in little green fairies at the bottom of the garden, but faith doesn’t mean they exist. One can have faith that one’s old car will start in the morning, but that doesn’t mean it will.

    Atheism is a belief which questions everything, something religion will not and cannot do, for to do so would be to find all evidence for their most basic tenets lacking. There is much more than in this brief article to support the view that religion is a fabrication of the few to control the many, based on the age-old trio of power, influence and control. Man’s early ontological history provided the initial key, however as man’s understanding of the world around him increased, religion was increasingly unable to do so, and thus to this very day preserves those early myths with the simple phrase “God can do anything”.

    All we atheists ask of religion is for them to prove it. But then we’ve been asking that for centuries and still no answer whether it be from Rabbi, Imam or Priest; for to do so would be to expose religion for what it is.

    "Theology is but the ignorance of natural causes reduced to a system" – Baron d'Holbach
    "Of all tyrannies, a tyranny sincerely exercised 'for the good of its victims' may be the most oppressive. It would be better to live under robber barons than under omnipotent moral busybodies. The robber baron's cruelty may sometimes sleep, his cupidity may at some point be satiated; but those who torment us 'for our own good' will torment us without end for they do so with the approval of their own conscience." -- C.S. Lewis

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    DougieG Guest
    Excellent post, Midas. I'm just wondering - are you a gnostic atheist or an agnostic atheist?

    For anyone that doesn't quite know the difference, an agnostic atheist believes that it is impossible to show the non-existence of God logically or empirically, but accepts that the argument is much stronger against a God, thus coming down on the side of non-belief, while accepting the possibility of a God, if not the contradictory one found in most religious manuscripts. Meanwhile, a gnostic atheist believes either that there is evidence for God's non-existence, or that such evidence could exist and we simply haven't discovered it yet.

    I come down on the side of agnostic atheism. God almost certainly doesn't exist, but I can't prove that he doesn't. I accord religion the same chance of truth as any random claim made without a scrap of evidence.

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    Quote Originally Posted by DougieG View Post
    Excellent post, Midas. I'm just wondering - are you a gnostic atheist or an agnostic atheist?

    For anyone that doesn't quite know the difference, an agnostic atheist believes that it is impossible to show the non-existence of God logically or empirically, but accepts that the argument is much stronger against a God, thus coming down on the side of non-belief, while accepting the possibility of a God, if not the contradictory one found in most religious manuscripts. Meanwhile, a gnostic atheist believes either that there is evidence for God's non-existence, or that such evidence could exist and we simply haven't discovered it yet.

    I come down on the side of agnostic atheism. God almost certainly doesn't exist, but I can't prove that he doesn't. I accord religion the same chance of truth as any random claim made without a scrap of evidence.
    Thank you The same here Dougie, I'm an agnostic atheist. Whilst I believe that the probability of there being a god is as close to zero as it's possible to get, I'm also realistic enough to know that we'll never be able to prove it.
    "Of all tyrannies, a tyranny sincerely exercised 'for the good of its victims' may be the most oppressive. It would be better to live under robber barons than under omnipotent moral busybodies. The robber baron's cruelty may sometimes sleep, his cupidity may at some point be satiated; but those who torment us 'for our own good' will torment us without end for they do so with the approval of their own conscience." -- C.S. Lewis

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    I dont believe in it

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    Bumbadum is offline Junior Member
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    Great post Midas, very well articulated.

    Quote Originally Posted by DougieG View Post
    I accord religion the same chance of truth as any random claim made without a scrap of evidence.
    Couldn't agree more, its just as probable that the universe was actually created by a giant goldfish with 6 arms and the body of a sheep, I can't prove it of course, but why should I?

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    First off, thank you Midas for posting this, I have a few comments on your article, non of which are aimed for starting a Religion-Atheism debate because A) As I already said, I don't personally question anyone's faith and unless someone asks about mine or holds any interest in it I do not volunteer to try to convert everyone. B) I still don't know enough about Atheism, you stated what Atheists don't believe in and other general consensus, but I still don't get what it is exactly that Atheists believe in, or is it just that there might be no God?
    Back to my comments, a tiny correction if I may, prophet Mohammed's miracle wasn't that he could talk a couple of minutes after he was born, it was and still is the Quran ( A non-historical miracle that I won't discuss further because I said I wouldn't :p ). Speaking while still an infant was mentioned in the Quran and was about Jesus (Issa), not prophet Mohammed.
    Anyway, this was beneficial in many ways, I now know a bit about Atheism, I can also spell it correctlty now! Used to spell it : Athiesm, never knew that was Napoleon's take on religion, I still think he was a wise man though, reading his quotes is always a pleasure since they're thought-provoking. So thanks again for posting this.
    I'm normally not a praying man, but if you're up there, please save me Superman.
    ~ Homer Simpson.

  7. #7
    Marxist Nutter Guest

    Exclamation The Big Question!!

    What all the philosophy and everything leads to is...

    real question is this....


    WHO WOULD WIN IN A FIGHT, GOD OR SATAN???

    Surely they must be of equal power otherwise one of them would have won already and Satan has the bigger army!!!!

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    DougieG Guest
    Quote Originally Posted by Hestia View Post
    B) I still don't know enough about Atheism, you stated what Atheists don't believe in and other general consensus, but I still don't get what it is exactly that Atheists believe in, or is it just that there might be no God?
    Ah well this is the beauty of Atheism. Technically, we don't 'believe' anything. Rather, we know something to be true through use of evidence. We don't make claims that we can't support with facts and knowledge. Of course, when an atheist says 'I believe' it really means 'I think that this is the most likely option given the evidence that I have seen.' Therefore, I 'believe' that there is no God because I have never seen any evidence to say that there is, much as I have never seen any evidence that the sky is pink, or the earth flat, and therefore don't hold those opinions.

    If anything, atheists 'believe' in the scientific process and the importance of logical, rational thinking.

    Hope that answers your question!

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    Quote Originally Posted by Hestia View Post
    First off, thank you Midas for posting this, I have a few comments on your article...
    My pleasure. Feel free to ask away.

    ...but I still don't get what it is exactly that Atheists believe in, or is it just that there might be no God?
    Fundamentally, yes, or rather that "God" is simply a manifestation of a primitive superstition in man's mind, derived from his psychological need to fill a lack of understanding of the natural world and its forces (ontology).

    The general atheist stance on religion is that it's up to those who believe to produce evidence that what they believe in is true, rather than for atheists to have to show that it's untrue. If a religion makes a claim that there is a God because of X, Y and Z, the onus is on them to prove what they say.

    Back to my comments, a tiny correction if I may, prophet Mohammed's miracle wasn't that he could talk a couple of minutes after he was born, it was and still is the Quran ( A non-historical miracle that I won't discuss further because I said I wouldn't :p ). Speaking while still an infant was mentioned in the Quran and was about Jesus (Issa), not prophet Mohammed.
    Anyway, this was beneficial in many ways, I now know a bit about Atheism, I can also spell it correctlty now! Used to spell it : Athiesm, never knew that was Napoleon's take on religion, I still think he was a wise man though, reading his quotes is always a pleasure since they're thought-provoking. So thanks again for posting this.
    Thanks for that correction, however I suspect most of us, religious or not, would consider recently born infants talking as rather stretching the truth somewhat! However a serious aspect of that is that if the Bible (or other religious books) are read more in allegorical terms rather than being the literal truth, in other words rather than interpreting (for example) Jesus as literally rising from the dead, interpret it as meaning life and beliefs go on after someone has died, many of the passages start to make more sense, at least they would have to the audience for whom they were first written.

    And Hestia, if you liked that quote of Napoleon's, you might like this one from the 1st century Roman philosopher Seneca; “Religion is regarded by the common people as true, by the wise as false, and by the rulers as useful.”
    "Of all tyrannies, a tyranny sincerely exercised 'for the good of its victims' may be the most oppressive. It would be better to live under robber barons than under omnipotent moral busybodies. The robber baron's cruelty may sometimes sleep, his cupidity may at some point be satiated; but those who torment us 'for our own good' will torment us without end for they do so with the approval of their own conscience." -- C.S. Lewis

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    Quote Originally Posted by DougieG View Post
    Ah well this is the beauty of Atheism. Technically, we don't 'believe' anything. Rather, we know something to be true through use of evidence. We don't make claims that we can't support with facts and knowledge. Of course, when an atheist says 'I believe' it really means 'I think that this is the most likely option given the evidence that I have seen.' Therefore, I 'believe' that there is no God because I have never seen any evidence to say that there is, much as I have never seen any evidence that the sky is pink, or the earth flat, and therefore don't hold those opinions.

    If anything, atheists 'believe' in the scientific process and the importance of logical, rational thinking.

    Hope that answers your question!
    Yes my question was answered, thank you very much.
    I was always under the impression that Atheists believe that there is no God, was under the impression that it was a faith but according to everything I've been told here I understand that it is more a way of dealing with issues and more of an approach, which -aside from the existence of God or lack thereof debates- I find very reasonable, the approach suggested by Atheism doesn't differ much from my approach to matters, except for God's existence as I said previously.
    I'm normally not a praying man, but if you're up there, please save me Superman.
    ~ Homer Simpson.

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    Quote Originally Posted by Midas View Post
    The general atheist stance on religion is that it's up to those who believe to produce evidence that what they believe in is true, rather than for atheists to have to show that it's untrue. If a religion makes a claim that there is a God because of X, Y and Z, the onus is on them to prove what they say.
    Fair enough.



    Thanks for that correction, however I suspect most of us, religious or not, would consider recently born infants talking as rather stretching the truth somewhat!
    That's what a miracle is all about, something that defies reason and the natural course of things.

    However a serious aspect of that is that if the Bible (or other religious books) are read more in allegorical terms rather than being the literal truth, in other words rather than interpreting (for example) Jesus as literally rising from the dead, interpret it as meaning life and beliefs go on after someone has died, many of the passages start to make more sense, at least they would have to the audience for whom they were first written.
    That is a very valid point, I strongly believe in it. Regarding the rising from the dead, we Muslims disagree with Christians on many aspects of that incident and so I will not get into that, but what you spoke of is exactly my stance towards Satan, Heaven and Hell, and I'm positive that the majority if not all religious people would disagree with me on that, meaning, the vast majority of the followers of the Abrahamic religions believe that Satan is an actual creature, there's a Heaven and there's a Hell, rather than Satan being a symbol of our tendency to perhaps sin.


    And Hestia, if you liked that quote of Napoleon's, you might like this one from the 1st century Roman philosopher Seneca; “Religion is regarded by the common people as true, by the wise as false, and by the rulers as useful.”
    That's because Napoleon died before he got the chance to hear what I had to say. The man is wise, but even wise people make flawed arguments and express flawed generalizations. :p Nevertheless, it has some truth to it.
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    Quote Originally Posted by Hestia View Post
    That is a very valid point, I strongly believe in it. Regarding the rising from the dead, we Muslims disagree with Christians on many aspects of that incident and so I will not get into that, but what you spoke of is exactly my stance towards Satan, Heaven and Hell, and I'm positive that the majority if not all religious people would disagree with me on that, meaning, the vast majority of the followers of the Abrahamic religions believe that Satan is an actual creature, there's a Heaven and there's a Hell, rather than Satan being a symbol of our tendency to perhaps sin.
    That's a very refreshing view to hear, especially considering your religion and the reputation it has in certain quarters (whether justified or not). I just wish there were far more people who could be so pragmatic, regardless of their underlying belief. We'd have a lot more harmonious a world!

    That's because Napoleon died before he got the chance to hear what I had to say. The man is wise, but even wise people make flawed arguments and express flawed generalizations. :p Nevertheless, it has some truth to it.
    Hmm, right I have to confess it was the cynic in me that prompted that quote, however I think it does have a lot of truth to it
    "Of all tyrannies, a tyranny sincerely exercised 'for the good of its victims' may be the most oppressive. It would be better to live under robber barons than under omnipotent moral busybodies. The robber baron's cruelty may sometimes sleep, his cupidity may at some point be satiated; but those who torment us 'for our own good' will torment us without end for they do so with the approval of their own conscience." -- C.S. Lewis

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